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As
Spaniards, Indians, and Africans mingled
in the New World, people of mixed races were born.
Spanish officials charted these births
using an elaborate classification system.
Officials assigned labels to individuals
based on their parents’ bloodlines.
On the Texas frontier, racial
classification was a very fluid process.
An individual of Spanish and Indian
parentage who gained wealth and status
might be reclassified as Spanish in
parish or community records.
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Nov. 1,
1800
José Gregorio Hernández, mestizo, and
Juana Robles, an Indian from Mission San
Antonio de Valero
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April 16,
1801
Juan Montalbo, mulatto, and María
Guerra, Apache Indian
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June 10,
1802
Ramón Marcelino, Spanish, and Camarillo,
Indian
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Sept. 8,
1802
José Anselmo Ramírez and Dolores
Travieso, Apache Indian
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